Begin by browning the ground beef in a large soup pot over medium heat. Break it apart and cook until it's no longer pink. Drain any excess fat and set aside.
Stir in the cubed potatoes and chicken broth, bringing the mixture to a boil. Once boiling, reduce to a simmer and cook until the potatoes are tender, about 10 minutes.
In a separate saucepan, melt the butter over medium heat. Whisk in the flour until smooth. Gradually add the milk, whisking continuously until thickened. This creates a creamy base to integrate with your soup.
Add the milk mixture to the soup pot. Stir in the cheddar cheese, allowing it to melt smoothly into the soup. Season with salt and pepper to taste.
Notes
Store leftover cheeseburger soup in an airtight container in the refrigerator for up to 3 days. For freezer storage, portion into containers and freeze for up to 3 months.